In computational complexity theory, P and NP are two classes of problems. P is the class of decision problems that a deterministic Turing machine can solve in polynomial time. In useful terms, any ...

Graph theory has long provided a robust mathematical framework for investigating networks, relations and connectivity in both abstract and applied settings. Recent advances have markedly refined our ...

Lance Fortnow on the current status and future outlook of solving the P-NP problem.

What’s easy for a computer to do, and what’s almost impossible? Those questions form the core of computational complexity. We present a map of the landscape. How fundamentally difficult is a problem?

They have a mathematical, analog “solver” that can potentially find the best solution to NP-hard problems. NP-hardness is a theory of computational complexity, with problems that are famous for their ...