Language isn’t always necessary. While it certainly helps in getting across certain ideas, some neuroscientists have argued that many forms of human thought and reasoning don’t require the medium of ...

Designing high-performance catalysts is essential for cleaner energy technologies, but the behavior of multi-element modern ...

What the firm found challenges some basic assumptions about how this technology really works. The AI firm Anthropic has developed a way to peer inside a large language model and watch what it does as ...

The rise of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the capabilities of AI, allowing machines to generate human-like text, engage in conversations, and assist in decision-making processes.

You don’t typically build a machine without understanding how it works. But for artificial intelligence researchers building large language models, understanding is about the one thing they haven’t ...

In enterprise AI, the models that win won't be the largest. They'll be the ones that know exactly what they're built for.​​ ...

How large is a large language model? Think about it this way. In the center of San Francisco there’s a hill called Twin Peaks from which you can view nearly the entire city. Picture all of it—every ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Large language models work well because they’re so large. The latest models from OpenAI, Meta, and DeepSeek use hundreds of billions of ...