While current control and PWM switching play the most direct role in driving brushless DC motors, the motion profile and ...

Hot glue guns are pretty simple beasts: there’s an on/off switch, a heating element, and a source of current, be it battery or wired. You turn it on, and the heater starts warming up; eventually you ...

Abstract: This paper introduces a novel adaptive path tracking controller that integrates the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm with a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control ...

Abstract: This article presents an advanced digital twin system constructed for a double-pendulum crane (DPC) with complex dynamic characteristics, aiming to address the pressing need for intelligent ...