Density ratio estimation is described as follows: for given two data samples x1 and x2 from unknown distributions p(x) and q(x) respectively, estimate w(x) = p(x) / q(x), where x1 and x2 are ...

This article presents an application for failure probability in long-pipeline gas systems through the development of trend curves over time for the attributes of corrosion wear, which are related to ...

A new algorithm is suggested based on the central limit theorem for generating pseudo-random numbers with a specified normal or Gaussian probability density function. The suggested algorithm is very ...